Gum Diseases

Gum disease is a common health problem that begins as inflammation of the gums caused by plaque and tartar buildup, progressively spreading to the surrounding tissues and bone, and can lead to tooth loss if left untreated.

Gingivitis, the earliest stage, presents with redness, swelling and bleeding gums during brushing. At this stage, early intervention can fully reverse the condition. If left untreated, it can progress to periodontitis, causing gum recession, pocket formation and bone loss.

Smoking, irregular oral hygiene, genetic predisposition, hormonal changes (pregnancy, adolescence) and systemic conditions such as diabetes are among the risk factors for gum disease.

Treatment includes scaling, which removes tartar with ultrasonic devices, and root planing to smooth the root surface; advanced cases may require surgical periodontal treatment or gum grafts. Regular brushing, flossing and check-ups every six months play a key role in prevention.